Dua Upon Sighting Of The Crescent Moon In Arabic
اللهُ أَكْـبَر، اللّهُمَّ أَهِلَّـهُ عَلَيْـنا بِالأمْـنِ وَالإيمـان، والسَّلامَـةِ والإسْلامِ، وَالتَّـوْفيـقِ لِما تُحِـبُّ رَبُّنـا وَتَـرْضَـى، رَبُّنـا وَرَبُّكَ اللهُ
Dua Upon Sighting Of The Crescent Moon In English Tarnscription
Allaahu ‘Akbar, Allaahumma ‘ahillahu ‘alayna bil’amni wal’eemaani, wassalaamati wal-‘Islaami, wattawfeeqi limaa tuhibbu Rabbanaa wa tardhaa, Rabbunaa wa Rabbukallaahu.
Dua Upon Sighting Of The Crescent Moon In English
Allah is the Most Great. O Allah, bring us the new moon with security and Faith, with peace and in Islam, and in harmony with what our Lord loves and what pleases Him. Our Lord and your Lord is Allah. At-Tirmidhi 5:504
Moon / crescent observation
Islamic month defined
Many Muslim communities set a calendar that predicts the dates of Islamic months (such as Ramadan and Dhul Hijja) based on scientific predictions of when the moon / crescent should be visible. The beginning and end of the month of Ramadan are (like all months of the Islamic calendar) based on the observation of the moon. Do not confuse the new Islamic moon, when the moon is visible for the first time, with the “new astronomical moon”. The new astronomical moon, as stated in newspapers and most astronomical sites (such as the site of the US Naval Observatory), appears when the conjunction takes place and the moon is dark; the age of the moon starts from this point. The new Islamic moon is the one where the first little moonlight (the crescent or “hilal”) is visible. This night begins a new Islamic month and the next day will be considered the first day of the new Islamic month.
The visibility of the moon / crescent is explained
The visibility of the crescent is not dependent on the age of the moon (the time elapsed since the conjunction, or “new astronomical moon”). The visibility of the new moon / crescent depends mainly on the angle between the moon, the observer and the sun (which affects the brightness of the crescent) and the apparent altitude of the moon above the horizon and sun under the horizon (which affects the background brightness from which the moon must be observed). Of course, as the moon “ages,” these angles increase, so the longer the time elapses, the more likely the moon will be visible. But we can not ignore the real position of the moon in the sky. Thus, the age of the moon does not automatically predict the visibility of the new moon / crescent moon; So, if the new moon (conjunction) occurs one day, the crescent will not necessarily be visible the next evening (or even the next day!).
Scientific calculations for moon / crescent visibility forecast
There are many conditions for observing the moon in any place. However, with time and technology, the ability to predict moon observation has increased. Without entering into the debate about the criteria to be used, a consensus among scientists has developed to use the method developed by astronomer B. D. Yallop, which is currently one of the most accurate methods available. In Great Britain, the H.M. Nautical Almanac Office adopted this formula to determine the visibility of the moon. This formula gives a given visibility parameter in a range from A to F. The parameter range corresponds to the following visibility types for the new crescent moon:
A – easily visible to the naked eye
B – visible in perfect atmospheric conditions
C – may need an optical aid to find the thin crescent moon before you can see it with the naked eye
D -visible only with binoculars or telescope
E – below the normal detection limit at the telescope
F – not visible, below the theoretical limit
(Note that the US Naval Observatory also publishes astronomical data that is very useful, but when it mentions “x% of the visible disk of the illuminated Moon,” this does not always translate directly into visibility of the Earth. is a factor and can be an indicator, it is possible that the moon is still not visible from the Earth, even if a part of it is illuminated (see above “The visibility of the moon / crescent is explained “).)
The old style is preferred by many, however, and common sense seems to dictate that if you actually see the moon with your eyes, an ounce of observation is worth a ton of calculation! Of course, you have to be careful that people often make an honest mistake when they see things that are not there. (There was an experiment in which astronomers took people to the field and told them to look for a very very pale star.) About 15 to 20% of people had seen the star, but it was really a trick. there was no star! This may be a little analogous to the placebo effect in medicine.)
Conclusion
All these factors being taken into account, most Muslim communities set a calendar that predicts the dates of Islamic months (such as Ramadan, or the 2 “Eids”). As sunrise and sunset can be calculated with great precision, as well as the precise positions of planets, comets, and other celestial bodies, it should not be shocking that science has progressed where we can predict (with greater precision than in the past) when the moon should first be visible too. Given the visibility parameter published by H.M. Nautical Almanac Office, the visibility types A, B and C correspond to the Islamic concept that it is possible to see the moon at sight for the beginning of the Islamic month. This parameter can be obtained via the Websurf service of H.M. Nautical Almanac Office.
Therefore, although many think that you should only do the official start of an Islamic month after actually seeing the moon of your eyes, the use of these scientifically proven calculations from the latest cutting edge tools coincided with the observations have been in the sky for years. This may be another example of how there is no conflict between traditional Islamic principles and modern times, they can be perfectly in agreement; and the traditions of Islam are just as relevant and valid today as they have been for centuries.
