The description of the golden age of Islam is used to describe a historical stage in which the Islamic civilization was advanced scientifically and culturally, and it extends from the middle of the eighth century until the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries AD.
During this period, the engineers, scholars, and merchants of the Islamic world made a significant contribution to the fields of art, agriculture, economics, industry, literature, navigation, philosophy, science, technology, and astronomy, by preserving and building on previous contributions.
And by adding many of their inventions and innovations. And Muslim philosophers, poets, artists, scientists and princes created a unique culture that in turn affected societies on all continents.
So we will talk today about what occurred during the golden age of Islam
Islamic golden Age
The Islamic Golden Age refers to a period in the history of Islam, which traditionally begins from the 8th century to the 13th century, during which science, economic development and cultural works historically flourished in many areas of the Islamic world by various controversies.
It is understood that this period had begun during the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid during the year “786-809”, with the opening of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, where scholars from different parts of the world were commissioned to prepare different cultural backgrounds, collect and translate everyone who is known in the world Classical into Arabic.
This period is usually said to have ended with the collapse of the Abbasid Caliphate due to the Mongol invasions and looting of Baghdad in 1258 CE, with a few contemporary scholars putting an end to the golden age of Islam as late as the end of the 15th-16th century.
The history of the Islamic Golden Age traditionally began from the mid-7th century to the mid-13th century when Muslim rulers established one of the largest empires in history.
During this period, artists, engineers, scientists, poets, philosophers, geographers, and merchants of the Islamic world contributed to agriculture, arts, economics, industry, law, literature, navigation, philosophy, science, sociology, and technology, whether by preserving previous traditions or adding inventions. and their innovations.
Also at that time the Islamic world became a great intellectual center for science, philosophy, medicine and education.
In short, this is what occurred during the golden age of Islam
Islamic civilization
Islamic civilization is a civilization based on Islam; Since it is Islamic thought that built and constructed it, it is a human civilization that includes various aspects of life, and it is a divine civilization that goes back to the knowledge that the Messenger – may God bless him and grant him peace – brought.
The Islamic civilization has benefited from various previous civilizations in its establishment and has surpassed them, thus raising the status of consultation, justice, equality, freedom, and various human rights.
It can be said that the Islamic civilization is a civilization that resulted from the interaction of a group of cultures of the peoples who entered the religion of Islam, and it is also the summary of the interaction of civilizations in the areas reached by Islam during the Islamic conquests
Achievement of Islamic civilization
Since its inception, Islamic civilization has been based on two main pillars: morals and material, and the Islamic civilization proceeded on these two pillars without neglecting one of them, unlike previous civilizations whose pillars were based on one without the other.
Most likely, it was based on matter without morals, and even European civilization today is based on matter without morals, values and ideals, and this is evidenced by the testimony of Western writers themselves and what the Islamic civilization presented
In the field of astronomy and geography: Muslim scientists developed tools for navigation and determination of geographical locations, the most important of which are astrolabes and analog calculators.
In the field of optics: Muslims were able to explain how the eye works when Ibn al-Haytham explained the eye and proved that it is a tool for receiving reflected light from objects.
In the field of mathematics: the scientist knew algebra through the book of algebra and the interview, the Muslim scholar al-Khwarizmi, and al-Khwarizmi is credited with algebra because he came up with the idea of squaring and cubed numbers, and also thanks to him for being the first to separate arithmetic and algebra
In the field of surgery and its tools: the Muslim scholar Al-Zahrawi wrote a book called: Al-Tasrif for those unable to write, in which he revealed the methods and tools of surgery. Thanks to this book, the science of surgery developed in the world, and this book remained a reference in Europe for many centuries.
In the field of aviation: Abbas Ibn Firnas was able to design the first flight device with wings and a tail similar to the idea of a plane, and he was able to fly, and this idea was later developed by the Italian Leonardo da Vinci
This period also included more discoveries and inventions, and this is what prompted scientists to call it the Golden Age of Islam
Arab civilization
The Islamic state, since the beginning of the Islamic religion, which is represented by the mission of the Prophet Muhammad – may God bless him and grant him peace – until the fall of the Ottoman Caliphate, had a long history, and interest in all aspects of life
Various forms of civilization had a great presence in Islamic history, including: urban art, medicine, astronomy, engineering, chemistry, physics, literature, poetry, prose, calligraphy, and philosophy. The Islamic religion is not only concerned with religious aspects, but Islamic civilization was a civilization Mixing mind and soul
It was also distinguished from many previous civilizations, which were just empires that had no basis in science and religion.
One of the exploits of Islamic civilization was that it turned towards religion, science and philosophy, respect for human beings, equality among people, adherence to ideals, individual dignity, freedom of thought and belief, and the pursuit and glorification of reason.
There is no doubt that Islamic civilization is part of the civilizations that have passed through mankind since the dawn of history.
but what distinguished this civilization is that it is the only civilization that has been able to combine the spiritual side and the material side in human life in a balanced way.
and it is the civilization that was built on solid foundations and principles in the golden age of islam
